EAA Report: State of Europe’s environment ‘not good’, threats to nature and impacts of climate change top challenges

‘Europe’s Environment 2025’ is the European Environment Agency’s (EAA) is the seventh five-year report issued by the watchdog group. The findings are not a big surprise. The chart above illustrates that the safe operating space of six of the nine planetary boundaries are being exceeded.

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June 2025: Third-warmest June globally

Copernicus report: June 2025 was the Third-warmest June globally.

From the press release issued today (7 Jul 2025):

“June 2025 saw an exceptional heatwave impact large parts of western Europe, with much of the region experiencing very strong heat stress. This heatwave was made more intense by record sea surface temperatures in the western Mediterranean. In a warming world, heatwaves are likely to become more frequent, more intense and impact more people across Europe.”
– Samantha Burgess, Strategic Lead for Climate at ECMWF

Global Temperatures 

  • June 2025 was the third-warmest June globally, with an average ERA5 surface air temperature of 16.46°C, 0.47°C above the 1991-2020 average for June.
  • June 2025 was 0.20°C cooler than the record June of 2024, and 0.06°C cooler than June 2023, which was the second warmest.
  • June 2025 was 1.30°C above the estimated 1850-1900 average used to define the pre-industrial level. It was only the third month in the last 24 with a global temperature less than 1.5°C above the pre-industrial level.*
  • The 12-month period of July 2024 – June 2025 was 0.67°C above the 1991-2020 average, and 1.55°C above the pre-industrial level.

And

Europe and other regions 

  • The average temperature over European land for June 2025 was 18.46°C, 1.10°C above the 1991-2020 average for June, making the month the fifth-warmest June in the record.
  • Most of western and central Europe experienced warmer-than-average air temperatures in June 2025. Western Europe as a whole saw its warmest June on record, with an average temperature of 20.49°C, 2.81°C above the 1991–2020 average. It narrowly surpassed (by only 0.06°C) the previous June record set in 2003 (20.43°C).
  • Two major heatwaves in mid- and late June 2025 affected large parts of western and southern Europe. Much of the region saw feels-like temperatures exceeding 38°C, corresponding to ‘very strong heat stress’. Parts of Portugal saw feels-like temperatures reach around 48°C or ‘extreme heat stress’. An additional analysis of these heatwaves can be found here.
  • Outside Europe, temperatures were most above average over the United States, northern Canada, central Asia, eastern Asia, and west Antarctica.
  • Temperatures were most below average over southern South America, with record cold conditions recorded in Argentina and Chile. India and east Antarctica also had below-average temperatures.

And

Sea surface temperature

  • The average sea surface temperature (SST) for June 2025 over 60°S–60°N was 20.72°C, the third-highest value on record for the month, 0.13°C below the June 2024 record.
  • An exceptional marine heatwave developed in the western Mediterranean in June, leading to the highest daily SST ever recorded for the region as a whole in June (27.0°C), corresponding to the highest daily SST anomaly for any month (3.7°C above average).

August 2024 – Hottest August on Record

The European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service released its dataset for August 2024 today, which found that: August 2024 was the joint-warmest August globally in the ERA5 dataset, tied with August 2023, with an average surface air temperature of 16.82°C. Last month was 0.71°C above the 1991-2020 average for August. This concludes the warmest global… Continue reading

In These Times: The Death Squads Hunting Environmental Defenders

In These Times: The Death Squads Hunting Environmental Defenders.

Between 2012 and 2022, around the world, one environmental defender was killed every other day, according to international human rights group Global Witness. That’s nearly 2,000 peasants, farmers, fisherfolk and activists murdered for defending their land from some of the biggest contributors of greenhouse gas emissions — including mining, logging and agribusiness corporations — as well as hydropower projects, which have their own ruinous environmental impact.

Link.

It Will Cost Up to $21.5 Billion to Clean Up California’s Oil Sites. The Industry Won’t Make Enough Money to Pay for It.

From Propublica (18-May-2023).

When you add externalities into the cost of fossils fuels, it’s not remotely close to a profitable business.

Cleaning up, plugging and decommissioning California’s old gas and oil wells will cost an estimated $21 billion, three times the industry’s projected future profits. And those costs don’t include cleaning methane and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

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EU Ski Resorts and Climate Change

From Euractiv (20 Jan 2023):

There are around 3,900 ski resorts in Europe, the majority of which are located in Germany, Italy, France and Austria.

Most threatened are those in lower altitudes because the snow line, which marks the area with permanent cover, moves up by about 150 metres with each increase of 1 degree Celsius.

“We are already experiencing warmer winters, which will escalate beyond 2030″ and further deteriorate skiing conditions, according to the Slovak Institute of Environmental Policy.

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About Tiny Forest Urban Initiatives

From Earthwatch Europe and UKGBC (January 2023):

Tiny Forest is an innovative tree planting initiative that establishes accessible, nature-rich green spaces in our towns and cities, where they are needed most by people and wildlife. The disproportionate power of a Tiny Forest is delivered through three positive impacts:

  1. Physical: dense, fast-growing native woodlands, bringing a range of environmental benefits and consisting of around 600 trees planted in a tennis-court sized plot of 200m2, and using no chemicals.
  2. Social: local communities, schools and businesses directly engaged in planting, maintaining and monitoring of the forests
  3. Scientific: public and citizen science activities that support data collection on the environmental and social benefits of Tiny Forest, uploaded to Earthwatch’s open-access digital data platform.

Tiny Forest’s approach is about planting ‘the right trees in the right places’.

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Report takes Carney climate alliance to task for providing billions for new fossil fuel projects

From The Financial Post (17 Jan 2023): A study published Jan. 17 by a dozen groups including Reclaim Finance, Stand.earth, the Rainforest Action Network, Les Amis de la Terre France, and South Africa’s Centre for Environmental Rights, says the 56 largest members of the Net-Zero Banking Alliance — a sectoral subset of GFANZ members —… Continue reading

Free Download – Climate Refugees: How Global Change Is Displacing Millions

Free Download – Climate Refugees: How Global Change Is Displacing Millions.

A complimentary offer from the NY Times Insider TBooks collection, “Climate Refugees: How Global Change Is Displacing Millions” is a compilation of Times reporting in 2016 on people and communities forced to resettle due to the effects of climate change.

The ebook brings together the work of Times reporters who spent months on the ground in several countries on four continents: Bolivia, China, Niger, Kiribati and the US (Alaska and Louisiana where the first federal grant was given to relocate climate refugees). I’ve read most of the stories and linked to some separately here, but it is quite useful and convenient to have them all bundled together.

Available for just about every kind of reader or simple PDF. Get it here (link updated 22 July 2025).